Concrete for a footing will be in contact with soil that has a very high sulfate content. Which portland cement type gives the highest sulfate resistance?
- Type I
- Type V
- Type II
- Type III
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B. Type V
Type V is the high-sulfate-resistance cement. Type II is the tempting choice, but it only gives moderate sulfate resistance and is meant for moderate exposure.
Reference: ASTM C150, portland cement types
Which portland cement type was developed to keep heat of hydration low in massive placements such as dams?
- Type III
- Type I
- Type V
- Type IV
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D. Type IV
Type IV is the low-heat cement for mass concrete, where trapped heat can crack the member. Type III does the opposite: it hydrates fast and gives off heat quickly.
Reference: ASTM C150, portland cement types
Type II portland cement is chosen mainly when the concrete needs which property?
- High early strength
- Very fast setting time
- A bright white finished colour
- Moderate sulfate resistance
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D. Moderate sulfate resistance
Type II gives moderate sulfate resistance (and is available with moderate heat of hydration). High early strength is the job of Type III, which is the usual mix-up.
Reference: ASTM C150, portland cement types